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What is the effect of income inequality on economic growth?
Ardeleanu, Dorian ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Astapovich, Stanislav (referee)
The impact of income inequality on the level of economic growth is an impor- tant question, but the existing literature did not reach a consensus about the sign of its effect. This thesis studies the impact in 93 countries over the years 1995-2015. We apply two different methods: the fixed effects with Newey and West standard errors, and the first-difference generalized method of moments. The main findings emphasize that a widening wealth gap has an overall negative influence over the real GDP per capita growth. Besides that, the effect is stronger among low-income countries than among high- income ones. Moreover, we find that the impact of income inequality on economic growth depends on the governing party's doctrine. It is negative and statistically significant only in states with centrist governments. 1
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Anotated translation: : Garrido Koechlin, J. J. (2013) Sobre la pobreza: orígenes, cuentas y evolución en el Perú y el mundo. Revista de Economía y Derecho, vol. 10, nro. 39: 1063 - 137.
Tlustá, Vendula ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Obdržálková, Vanda (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of two parts - the translation and the commentary on it. The first part introduces the functionally equivalent translation of the study Sobre la pobreza: orígenes, cuentas y evolución en el Perú y en el mundo by the Peruvian economist Juan José Garrido Koechlin. The study concerns the origin of poverty in general and describes the current situation in Peru. The second part of the thesis begins with the analysis of the source text according to Současná stylistika and the extratextual and intratextual factors according to Christiane Nord. Then, the overall translation strategy is stated, and finally, the solutions of particular translation problems are described.
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Growth of Government and Change of Income Distribution of American Households During the Crisis of 2007-2009
Šolc, Jan ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the synthesis of Peltzman and Higgs government growth theory and influence of the prevailing Keynesian ideology on predicative ability of these theories. Based on this theoretical synthesis thesis explains the long-term trend of increasing government power in the U.S. which is showed by all measuring methods regarding the size of governmental power. The second part of the thesis discusses the impact of the redistribution of wealth in the household sector to the size of government in the years 1979 - 2009, with an emphasis on recent crisis during 2007 - 2009. Tested hypothesis is that the redistributive processes during the last crisis were aimed mainly to U.S. residents in the area of median income. Based on a comparison of data from the years 1979 - 2009 and relating them to the crisis moment of 2007 - 2009 thesis confirms this hypothesis.
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Economic development in Argentina during the government od J.D.Perón 1946 - 1955
Holas, Petr ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with the period of nearly ten years of the first governance period of Juan Domingo Perón. In this era were established bases of peronist movement, whose legacy is presented in Argentine politics till these days. This period represents a fundamental turning point in Argentine history, both from the politic and socio-economic points of view. The thesis is divided into four major chapters. The first one outlines the status of Argentine society and the economy in the context of the international situation before Perón became Argentine president. Another three chapters deal directly with the period of Perón's government. The first one deals with three fundaments of peronist economic policy of initial period, which included economic nationalism and etatism, industrialization and especially massive redistribution policy. The second chapter analyses the socio-economic aspects of peronist constitutional reform of 1949, economic development at the end of Perón's first presidency and development in the agricultural sector during his first presidency. Final chapter examines changes in economic policy during the second Perón's presidency and causes of his deposition.
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The crisis of the welfare state
Chaloupka, Jan ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Žižková, Jana (referee)
Cílem této diplomové práce je pochopit teoretické a historické souvislosti sociálního státu, popsat problémy, které způsobuje, navrhnout jejich řešení, a předpovědět jeho budoucí vývoj. Navrhnutá reforma v této diplomové práci by vedla k větší prosperitě, nižší nezaměstnanosti a k větším možnostem seberealizace svobodných jednotlivců.
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Efektivnost přerozdělování daní v ČR
Pavlíčková, Veronika ; Klazar, Stanislav (advisor)
Práce popisuje a hodnotí systém přerozdělování daní v České republice od roku 2001 do současnosti. Problém přerozdělování daní je zkoumán z hlediska velikostní kategorie obce a dalších zákonných kritérií. Důležitou součástí je analýza odpovědí představitelů obcí na otázky, týkající se přípravy nového zákona o rozpočtovém určení daní, který by měl vstoupit v platnost v roce 2010. Zástupci obcí byli osloveni prostřednictvím emailových dotazníků.
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